US CPI Inflation Data Could Shape Market Expectations for Fed Rate Decisions

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is set to release the eagerly awaited Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation data for September on Thursday at 12:30 GMT.

The U.S. Dollar (USD) faces potential volatility, as the report could play a significant role in shaping the market’s expectations for the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) interest rate policy for the remainder of the year.

What to Expect in the Upcoming CPI Data?

Inflation in the U.S., as measured by the CPI, is expected to have risen by 2.3% year-over-year in September, down from the 2.5% increase recorded in August. Meanwhile, core CPI inflation—which excludes volatile food and energy prices—is forecast to remain steady at 3.2% for the same period.

On a monthly basis, both the CPI and core CPI are anticipated to see moderate increases of 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively.

Previewing the September report, analysts from TD Securities stated, “Our forecasts suggest that core inflation lost some momentum, showing a 0.24% month-over-month gain, down from the 0.28% recorded in August.” They added, “Headline inflation likely saw a meaningful deceleration, as energy prices continued to provide relief. Core goods prices likely contributed to inflation for the first time in seven months, while housing inflation probably eased, helping to pull down core services inflation.”

Fed Outlook on Interest Rates

Regarding the Fed’s outlook, Governor Adriana Kugler recently indicated she would support additional rate cuts if inflation continues to ease as projected. However, St. Louis Fed President Alberto Musalem took a more cautious stance, warning that easing policy too aggressively could harm the Fed’s credibility and future economic stability. He argued that “the risks of reducing rates too soon outweigh those of keeping rates higher for longer, especially given the potential threat of persistent inflation.”