China’s May Retail Sales Exceed Expectations; Industrial Output and Investment Lag

In May, China’s retail sales outperformed expectations, increasing by 3.7% year-on-year, surpassing the anticipated 3% rise forecasted by a Reuters poll of economists. This robust retail performance indicates resilient consumer spending despite broader economic challenges.

However, other key economic indicators did not fare as well. Industrial output grew by 5.6% year-on-year, falling short of the 6% growth expected. Fixed asset investment also missed forecasts, rising by only 4% compared to last May, just below the anticipated 4.2% increase. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reported that total retail sales of consumer goods reached 3.92 trillion yuan ($540.32 billion), with urban area sales up 3.7% and rural area sales climbing by 4.1%.

The shortfall in fixed asset investment was significantly influenced by a sharper decline in real estate investment. Excluding real estate, total fixed asset investment was 8.6% higher compared to the previous year. This highlights the ongoing struggles within China’s real estate sector, which continues to drag on overall investment figures.

The urban unemployment rate remained stable at 5% in May, unchanged from April, and 0.2 percentage points lower than the same period last year. This steady unemployment rate suggests a relatively stable labor market amid fluctuating economic conditions.

China’s export sector showed strength, with exports growing by 7.6% year-on-year in May, exceeding the forecasted 6% increase. However, imports underperformed, rising by only 1.8%, missing expectations.

Loan data released Friday highlighted a continued lackluster demand for credit. Outstanding yuan loans increased by 9.3% in May from the previous year, marking the slowest growth on record since 1978. The M1 money supply, which includes cash in circulation and demand deposits, fell by 4.2% year-on-year in May, the steepest decline since records began in 1986. Analysts from Goldman Sachs noted that a state media outlet linked the slowdown in M1 growth to a crackdown on fake loans and outflows related to wealth management products.

Inflation data for May showed that consumer prices, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.6% year-on-year. This modest inflation increase indicates subdued price pressures within the broader economy, reflecting the mixed economic signals from various sectors.