China’s February New Bank Loans Decrease Beyond Expectations, Hitting Record Low Lending Growth

In China, new bank lending in February experienced a sharper decline than anticipated from a record high in January, as the central bank continues efforts to stimulate the country’s sluggish economic growth and counter deflationary trends.

According to Reuters’ calculations based on People’s Bank of China data, Chinese banks issued 1.45 trillion yuan ($201.5 billion) in new yuan loans in February, a significant drop from January and below the expectations of analysts. Year-over-year growth of outstanding yuan loans slowed to a record low of 10.1%, compared to 10.4% in January, and fell short of the projected 10.2%.

The decrease in February’s lending was expected as Chinese banks typically issue more loans at the beginning of the year to attract high-quality customers and gain market share. Additionally, the Lunar New Year holiday, which occurred in February this year as opposed to late January in 2023, likely impacted lending activity.

Analysts had forecasted new yuan loans for February to decrease to 1.50 trillion yuan, down from 4.92 trillion yuan in the previous month and against 1.81 trillion yuan a year earlier.

ING analysts noted that aggregate financing and new loans were weaker than expected due to limited high-quality borrowing demand, indicating a modest immediate impact from the February cut in the required reserve ratio (RRR). Despite signals of further RRR cuts from the PBOC, a lack of high-quality borrowing demand might reduce the effectiveness of these measures in stimulating the economy.

In the first two months of 2024, Chinese banks made 6.37 trillion yuan in new yuan loans, according to central bank data. Household loans, mostly mortgages, contracted by 590.7 billion yuan in February, after an increase of 980.1 billion yuan in January. Corporate loans also decreased to 1.57 trillion yuan from 3.86 trillion yuan.

China’s economic growth target for 2024 is around 5%, a goal many analysts consider challenging without significant additional stimulus. Both consumer and corporate confidence have remained weak since a post-pandemic upsurge faded early in 2023.

PBOC Governor Pan Gongsheng stated there is still room for RRR cuts, following a substantial 50-basis point reduction effective from February 5. The central bank also announced a major cut in a key mortgage reference rate last month to support the property market and the overall economy.

Broad M2 money supply grew by 8.7% year-over-year, slightly below the 8.8% forecast but consistent with the pace in January.

Total social financing (TSF) growth, a broad measure of credit and liquidity in the economy, decelerated to 9.0% in February from a year earlier, down from 9.5% in January. With China setting the 2024 quota for local government special bond issuance at 3.9 trillion yuan and planning to issue 1 trillion yuan in special ultra-long-term treasury bonds, increased fiscal support is expected to boost government borrowing. However, weak private sector credit demand continues to pose significant challenges.

TSF, which includes various forms of financing beyond conventional bank lending, fell to 1.56 trillion yuan in February from 6.5 trillion yuan in January, falling short of the expected 2.22 trillion yuan.