Impending Adjustments in US Stocks May Pose Challenges for Global Funds

The upcoming shift to a shorter settlement cycle for U.S. securities is presenting significant challenges for international fund managers. This change, set to be implemented on May 28, is a move to a T+1 settlement cycle, where transactions are settled one business day after the trade. This is a reduction from the current T+2 standard and is a direct response to reduce the risks associated with unsettled trades, particularly highlighted by the volatile events like the 2021 GameStop stock plunge.

This transition to T+1 in the U.S. creates a discrepancy with the settlement cycles in most other countries, which typically follow a T+2 cycle. The disparity is leading to a reevaluation of transaction processes among global market participants, with a focus on preventing transaction failures and managing increased trading costs. This change has implications on various operational aspects for fund managers globally.

One of the critical challenges facing international fund managers is staffing. The new settlement cycle demands more rapid processing of trades, which could necessitate additional personnel or shifts in workforce management to ensure timely compliance. Furthermore, fund managers are contemplating holding larger cash reserves. This strategy is considered necessary to bridge potential gaps in transaction processing, although it might adversely impact the overall performance of the funds due to the lower yield on cash holdings compared to other investments.

Another significant concern is the heightened foreign exchange risk. With the faster settlement cycle, fund managers will have less time to manage and hedge against the fluctuations in currency values, which could lead to increased exposure to foreign exchange volatility.

The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC), a key player in securities clearing and settlement in the U.S., has been actively engaging with industry bodies like the Investment Company Institute (ICI) to facilitate this transition. However, despite not commenting directly, DTCC has indicated through a recently published paper that market participants need to expedite their preparation for the change.

Industry experts acknowledge the complexity and the challenges of moving to T+1. They point out that while it is a complicated initiative, it brings substantial risk reduction and operational benefits. For instance, Tom Price, a managing director at the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, highlighted the operational benefits of this transition. Similarly, RJ Rondini, the director of securities operations at ICI, pointed out that the overall reduction in capital requirements due to the faster settlement cycle outweighs the risks in other areas.

In summary, while the move to a T+1 settlement cycle in the U.S. is aimed at mitigating risks associated with unsettled trades and enhancing overall market efficiency, it brings a set of new challenges for international fund managers, including staffing adjustments, the need for higher cash reserves, and increased exposure to foreign exchange risk. These factors collectively necessitate a reevaluation of current practices and processes to adapt effectively to this significant market change.